A Model is a visual representation of information, either abstract or specific, that follows a set of guidelines or conventions to organize and communicate complex ideas efficiently. Models help simplify reality, making it easier to understand systems, relationships, and processes in the context of a project, program, or portfolio.
Purpose and Characteristics
- Simplifies Complexity – Abstracts details to highlight key structures or interactions.
- Follows Structure – Built using defined rules or standards to ensure consistency and clarity.
- Supports Communication – Bridges gaps between technical and non-technical stakeholders.
- Enhances Analysis – Aids in identifying patterns, risks, gaps, or dependencies.
Examples of Common Models
- Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) – Hierarchical model of project scope.
- Process Flow Diagram – Visual model of steps in a process.
- Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) – Tree-like model of potential risk sources.
- SWOT Analysis – Quadrant model for evaluating strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
- PERT Chart – Network model used to estimate project duration based on activity dependencies.
When to Use Models
- During early planning to align understanding
- To support presentations or workshops
- While analyzing trade-offs or dependencies
- For status tracking and performance reporting
Why Models Matter
- Improve Clarity – Make abstract or detailed information more digestible.
- Enable Better Decisions – Highlight cause-effect relationships or structural constraints.
- Enhance Collaboration – Provide a shared frame of reference for diverse stakeholders.
See also: Modeling, Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS), Process Flow, SWOT Analysis.