A Statement of Work (SOW) is a narrative description of products, services, or results to be delivered by the project.
It defines the work requirements, deliverables, and boundaries of the engagement, providing a clear understanding of what is to be performed, under what conditions, and to what standards. The SOW is often used in both internal planning and external procurement.
Key Characteristics
- Narrative Format – Describes work scope in detailed written form
- Deliverable-Focused – Identifies the specific products, services, or results required
- Defines Acceptance Criteria – Establishes quality expectations and completion standards
- Legally Binding in Contracts – Serves as a key document in supplier agreements
Example Scenarios
- A construction firm providing a SOW outlining materials, labor, and completion timeline
- An IT vendor including a SOW in a contract for system implementation
- A project manager drafting an internal SOW to define scope boundaries with functional teams
Role in Scope and Procurement Management
- Clarifies Work Expectations – Ensures all parties understand the scope of work
- Supports Scope Control – Acts as a baseline to assess proposed changes
- Drives Procurement Processes – Used to solicit, evaluate, and contract vendors
- Feeds Project Planning – Supports creation of WBS, scope baseline, and schedule
See also: Scope Baseline, Requirements Documentation, Procurement Statement of Work, Project Charter, Work Breakdown Structure.